How to Pass Accounting Entries Under GST?

The goods and services tax, generally known as the GST, was implemented to replace the majority of indirect taxes in India. In India, we currently have a system known as "One Tax, One Nation." 

However, the regular GST accounting entries in accounts must be understood and passed through to the accounting department. If you are filing GST returns, such as GSTR-1, and GSTR-2B, it is critical to ensure as few conflicts as possible between your books of accounts and your GST reports. The proper and timely reconciliation of accounts in preparation for the GSTR9 filing for the fiscal year will be made easier.

Did you know?

A company having pan-India operations will have to furnish more than 1000 returns per year under GST.

GST Accounting

Excise, VAT, CST, and service tax all need their own set of accounts. In addition, you could not claim the input tax credit for both central and state-imposed taxes. As a result, multiple ledger accounts were required. However, accounting for GST journal entries has eliminated the necessity for several ledger accounts, reducing the number to just a handful.

In addition to the accounts like stock, sales, and purchase journal entries with GST had to keep only a few ledger accounts under the former regime:

• Excise payable a/c (for manufacturers)
• CENVAT credit a/c (for manufacturers)
• Output VAT a/c
• Input VAT a/c
• Input Service tax a/c
• Output Service tax a/c

Also Read: GST Billing Software Return Filing & Accounting Software

For example, a trader named Mr Rajesh is required to keep the following basic ledger accounts:

• Output VAT a/c
• Input VAT a/c
• CST A/c (for inter-state sales and purchases)
• Account for service tax

Accounting Under the GST Regime

Previously separate indirect taxes, VAT, and service tax are now combined under GST. For each GST Number (GSTIN), the same trader, Mr Rajesh, must keep the following accounts:

• Input CGST a/c
• Output CGST a/c
• Input SGST a/c
• Output SGST a/c
• Input IGST a/c
• Output IGST a/c
• Input Cess a/c
• Output Cess a/c
• Electronic Cash Ledger (to be kept up to date on the government's GST portal in order to deposit and pay GST in cash)

After accounting for GST journal entries and understanding their work, it will be much easier for you to maintain track of your data. When Mr Rajesh can deduct his input tax on services from his output tax on sales of products, he will reap significant financial benefits.

Every business owner must keep track of the following accounts:

• A stock account that keeps track of the things that have been bought and sold. Among the information in this account should be the opening balance, the number of products received and delivered, the balance stock of raw materials and finished goods, scrap and wastage, and any other information relevant to the business.
• Records of any loans made and received, as well as records of any payments made and received. 
• The tax account contains data on taxes owed, taxes collected, input tax, and tax credits claimed. Details about the provider, such as the supplier's name and address, are required from whom the taxable goods or services were purchased.
• Identifying information about the recipient, such as the buyer's name and address and the products or services delivered.

It is necessary to provide a warehouse or garage or any other location where the items will be kept. Commodities in transit and information about the stock that was accessible at the time are included in this category.

Monthly accounts contain the quantitative information as follows:

• Creating raw materials for the manufacturing industry
• Manufactured products are items that have been created by hand.

The accounts must include quantitative information on things that were utilised in the provision of services and information on input services that were used and services supplied.

How to Pass Accounting Entries Under GST?

While calculating in your books of accounts, each type of GST: CGST, SGST, and IGST, is treated differently. To understand how to pass input GST and output GST, let's look at some sample data.

Assume Puneet spent ₹ 1,00,000 on cane chairs from a GST-registered vendor in his state. The tax on his purchase is 18%, divided into CGST (9%) and SGST (9%). As a result, he pays a total tax of ₹ 18,000 (18% of ₹ 1,00,000), split evenly between CGST (₹ 9,000) and SGST (₹ 9,000). He can claim this amount as an input tax credit when he has to offset his output tax duties.

When a person sells these chairs to another GST-registered vendor, the transaction will be recorded under Sales A/c, and the CGST and SGST submitted will be for the output tax owed. In this instance, creditors will eventually become debtors.

To clarify, CGST and SGST are charged as input taxes when goods and services are purchased, while output taxes are imposed when goods and services are sold. Thus, subtract Output and Input GST, the net CGST and net SGST.

Net CGST payable = Output CGST – Input CGST

Net SGST payable = Output SGST – Input SGST

Assume Puneet spent ₹ 1,00,000 on cane chairs from a GST-registered vendor outside his jurisdiction. His transaction is subject to an 18% tax rate. As a result, he pays ₹ 18,000 in IGST (18% of ₹ 1,00,000) that he can subsequently use as input credit.

Also Read: GST Software: Your Best Friend for Tax Season

His surviving chairs are sold for ₹ 50,000 outside of his state. An IGST of 18% of ₹ 50,000, or ₹ 9000, will be the output tax due for these.

From the due date of submitting the annual return for the relevant year, every registered taxable person shall retain and maintain books of account for 5 years. The taxpayer must reconcile the books of accounts with the GST returns filed throughout the financial year at the end of the fiscal year. When comparing data between books and input and output in GST returns, any discrepancies must be corrected in the books or disclosed in subsequent GST forms.

Conclusion

The goods and services tax (GST) was implemented in India on July 1st. As a result, the GST Council has been trying to simplify the rules to make doing business easier, and streamlined GST inputs help us understand transactions more straightforwardly. In India, the Customs and Excise Act is a comprehensive, multi-category tax on all value additions tax-deductible to the extent allowed by law. The GST journal entry and the purchase entry with GST or the sales entry with GST are the same.

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